Java :OOPS Design Rules

OOPS Design Rules

Software :

1. Perform what it supposed to.
2. Flexible (by adding OOPS)
3. Maintainable and Reusable

Object

1. Object naming should be related to its operation
2. Each object should not perform unrelated activities
3. There should not be any unused properties or fields.
4. Encapsulation helps divide application into logical parts.
5. Duplicate code should be encapsulated separately
6. Encapsulate what varies to protect class from unnecessary chages

Delegation: Delegating the current task to  specialized object which is designed to handle that.

Textual Analysis of Use Cases : Nouns = Classes and Verbs =methods.

Interface Vs Class
Coding to Interface is better as user has option to extend open.

Extra Classes make softare inflexible and difficult to change

Find out which process is locking a file or folder in Windows

Find out which process is locking a file or folder in Windows

http://superuser.com/questions/117902/find-out-which-process-is-locking-a-file-or-folder-in-windows

Have a look at Process Explorer (procexp.exe).
From its introduction:

Ever wondered which program has a particular file or directory open? Now you can find out.

To find out what process is using a specific file follow these steps:

1. Go to Find, Find Handle or DLL.. or simply press Ctrl+F.
   
2. Enter the name of the file and press Search.
   
3. Process Explorer will list all processes that have a handle to the file open. Click on an entry to focus the process in the main window.
   
4. Optionally, you can then even close the handle manually through the lower pane (Ctrl+L):
   

Java : Program to draw an eqilateral triangle using input string

Program to draw an eqilateral triangle using input string

Logic :

      D        1 -character
    Dee       3 - charracters
  Deepa      5
Deepaks     7

1. Increament by 2
2.
    StringUtils.leftPad("bat", 5," ")  = "  bat"
    StringUtils.leftPad("bat", 4," ")  = " bat"
    StringUtils.leftPad("bat", 3," ")  = "bat"

Program :

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;

    public static void main(String [] args){
        String str="Deepak";
        String sTemp=null;
        StringBuffer sBuff=new StringBuffer();
       
        if(str.length/2() !=0)
            str=str+"s";       

        for(int i=1;i<=str.length();i=i+2){
             sTemp=StringUtils.mid(str, 0, i);
             sTemp=StringUtils.leftPad(sTemp, str.length()," "); // StringUtils.leftPad("bat", 5)  = "  bat"
             sBuff.append(sTemp+"\n");
            }

        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,sBuff.toString());

    }

Output :

      D
    Dee
  Deepa
Deepaks

Selenium : Page Object Model (By) VS Page Factory (@FindBy)

 Page Object Model (By) VS Page Factory (@FindBy)

1) Page Object Model

- Page Object Model - Initialize all object locators separately using "By"

 Code Here :
class starttest{
     @Test
      public void LoginTest() {    
            By usernameField = By.xpath("//*[text()=login_login_username]")
            By passwordField = By.name("//*[text()=login_login_password]")
            By loginButton = By.xpath("//*[text()=login_submit]");
          
            WebDriver driver=new FireFoxDriver();
            driver.get("http://some-login-page");
          
            driver.findElement(usernameField).sendKeys("my name");
            driver.findElement(passwordField).sendKeys("my password");
            driver.findElement(loginButton).click();
      }
  }

 2) Page Factory (@FindBy and PageFactory.initElements(driver, .class))

 1) @FindBy can accept tagName, partialLinkText, name, linkText, id, css, className, xpath as attributes.

2)  @FindBy(xpath="//*[text()=login_login_username]")
    private WebElement usernameField;  

Is  Same as 

WebElement usernameField=By.xpath("//*[text()=login_login_username]")

3)
  @FindBy(xpath="//*[@id='']")    is same as     //@FindBy(how = How.xpath, using ="//*[@id='']")
 @FindBy(name="username")        is same as     //@FindBy(how = How.NAME, using = "username")
 @FindBy(className="radio")       is same as       //@FindBy(how = How.CLASSNAME, using = "radio")

 Code Here :

class starttest{

     @Test
      public void LoginTest() {   
        WebDriver driver=new FireFoxDriver();
        driver.get("http://some-login-page");
       
        LoginPage loginPage=PageFactory.initElements(driver, LoginPage.class); //Initialize Login Page     
        loginPage.login("student1","Testing1");
      }
  }

 public class LoginPage {

    @FindBy(xpath="//*[text()=login_login_username]")
    private WebElement usernameField;   \\By usernameField = By.xpath("//*[text()=login_login_username]")   
   
 @FindBy(xpath="//*[text()=login_login_password]")
    private WebElement passwordField;   
   
    @FindBy(xpath="//*[text()=login_submit]")
    private WebElement loginButton;        
   
    public void login(String usernametext,String passwordtext)    {
        usernameField.sendKeys(usernametext);
        passwordField.sendKeys(passwordtext);
        loginButton.click();
    }   
}

Selenium : How to Create Xpath

Selenium : How to Create Xpath

https://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/#path-abbrev

Target URL: www.mouthshut.com

Target Web element: Signup button, Login Button

Tools used:

·         FireBug : To formulate Xpath

·         Selenium Ide : To Test the formulated Xpath

Things to remember:-

1.       Target page should be open is FireFox

2.       Selenium ide and Firebug  should be open

3.       The formulated Xpath will go into “Target” field of Selenium IDE.

4.       All Xpath which go into IDE start with “xpath=//”

5.       The page usually start with <body> , therefore the foremost parent will always be “//Body” while writing Full Path

6.       Html Page may be like :

<body id=”aaaaa”>

   <div id=”bbbbb”>

   <div id=”cccc”>

          <a id=”dddd” class=”1111”>

          <ul id=”eeee”  target=”2222” href=”5555”>

  <div id=”ffff”>

               

Syntax in IDE:

Xpath=//branch/branch [ @property=’value’ or contains ( @property, “value”) ]

In the above example :

1.   Branch or Node – body , div , a , ul ,img

Note : Each Node value will have  many properties and many values .Therefore always start with a node value or "*" along with its relate property and value (Ex ://a[@target='_new']  or //*[@target='_new']  )

2.   Property – id , class , target

3.   Value – aaaa , bbbb , cccc , dddd , 1111 , 2222 , eeee , ffff ,5555

Syntax in Selenium (Eclipse Java):  

   ( Note -"Syntax in Selenium IDE" is only used to create Xpath and the below syntax is the usage of Xpath created using IDE )

Syntax :

WebElement oObject_Name=Driver_Object.findElement(By.xpath("Created Xpath Goes here ,starting from '//'"));

Example : 

oDriver=new FirefoxDriver();

oDriver.get("https://URL_Here");

WebElement oObject=oDriver.findElement(By.xpath("//branch/branch [ @property=’value’ or contains ( @property, “value”) ]"));

1.     Using Full Path

 xpath=//body/form/div[7]/div/div[2]/div/div[2]/ul/li/a

(The page usually start with <body> , therefore the foremost parent will always be “//Body” while writing Full Path )

Selenium Code :

 oDriver=new FirefoxDriver();

oDriver.get("https://www.mouthshut.com");

oTitle=oDriver.findElement(By.xpath("//body/form/div[7]/div/div[2]/div/div[2]/ul/li/a"));

2.     Using Last()

xpath=//body/form/div[7]/div/div[2]/div/div[last()]/ul/li/a

3.     Using Full Path+ @ attribute

·         xpath=//body/form/div[7]/div/div[2]/div/div[last()]/ul/li/a[@class='']

·         xpath=//body/form/div[7]/div/div[2]/div/div[last()]/ul/li/a[@style='background-color: transparent;']

(For Login Button)

xpath=//body/form/div[7]/div/div[2]/div/div[last()]/ul/li[2]/a[@target='_new']

4.      Using only @ attribute      (For Login Button)

xpath=//a[@target='_new']

(Which is equivalent to

xpath=//body/form/div[7]/div/div[2]/div/div[last()]/ul/li[2]/a[@target='_new']    )

5.     Using Descendants
xpath=//div[@class='new-menu']/descendant::div[@class='fr']

6.     Using keywords

xpath=//a[contains(@href, "javascript:__doPostBack(")]

xpath=//a[contains(@id, "ctl00_ctl00_ctl00_ContentPlaceHolderHeader_ContentPlaceHolderFooter_litSignUp")]

7.     And Operation

xpath=//a[contains(@id, "ctl00") and contains(@href,"javascript:_")]

8.     using position()

xpath=//div[@class='tdltaln']/div[position()=2]/ul/li

9.     Using starts-with keyword

xpath=//a[starts-with(@href, "https://graph.facebook.com")]

10. OR (|) condition

xpath=//a[@id='ctl00_ctl00_ctl00_ContentPlaceHolderHeader_ContentPlaceHolderFooter_litSignUpLink' or contains(@href,"javascript:__doPostBack")]

 xpath=//a[contains(@id,"ctl00_ctl00_ctl00_") or contains(@href,"javascript:__doPostBack") ]

 xpath=//a[contains(@href,"javascript:__doPostBack") or contains(@id,"ctl00_ctl00_ctl00_")]

11. Going 1 step back  

     Traversing from child to parent use    "/.."

12. Going back multiple steps or reverse tracing ( ancestor:: )

Ex :If user "ancestor::div" , then all the ancestor elements are highlighted with "div" node

 Back Trace to first occurrence of div element 

 //*[text()='Biological Sciences']/ancestor::div[1]

13. Going to specfic child element from parent node:( child:: )
Simialr to just "/ut[1]"

//*[text()='Biological Sciences']/ancestor::div[1]/child::ul[1]
 

14. Wild Card “*”

xpath=//*[@id="ctl00_ctl00_ctl00_ContentPlaceHolderHeader_ContentPlaceHolderFooter_litSignUpLink"]

15. Nth element

xpath=//ul[@class='login']/*[1]

16. No child

xpath=//img[count(*)=0]  

17. Last Second or Last But one 
xpath=//div[@class='dvaligncenter']/div[last()-1]//a

Examples for Xpath

xpath=xpathExpression: Locate an element using an XPath expression.

1. xpath=//img[@alt='The image alt text']
2. xpath=//table[@id='table1']//tr[4]/td[2]
3. xpath=//a[contains(@href,'#id1')]
4. xpath=//a[contains(@href,'#id1')]/@class
5. xpath=(//table[@class='stylee'])//th[text()='theHeaderText']/../td
6. xpath=//input[@name='name2' and @value='yes']
7. xpath=//*[text()="right"]
8. xpath=//*[@id='view']/*[not(@selected='selected')][1]
9. xpath=//*[text()='Biological Sciences']/ancestor::div[1]
10. xpath=.//*[local-name(.)='th' or local-name(.)='td']

Xpath summary

1.Path

1. Full
2. Full+attribute
3. Attribute
4. Wild Card(*)
5. Recent ancestor "/.. "
6. //a[6]
7. div[3][contains(@id,'dvheader')] -goto 3rd element and fetch if it has dvheader similar to AND

2.Functions

1.  position

1. [Last()]  //[Last[]-1]
2. [Position()= 42]
3. count

1. text

1. [starts-with(@,””)] -- Used For Dynamic Elements
2. [contains(@,””)] -- Used For Dynamic Elements
3. [text()=””] --text

3.Logical

1. And
2. or
3. not

Navigation

 Descendants::div[1]

ancestor::div[1]

child::div[1]

               

Ref:

                http://software-testing-tutorials-automation.blogspot.in/2013/06/xpath-tutorials-identifying-xpath-for.html